Brief notes on the History of Chess  - by Bill Wall

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Year

<<  1921-1940

Event  ( 1941 to 1960 )

1961-1980  >>

1941

  First USCF Open postal tourney won by Louis Persinger.

1941

  Fine publishes "Basic Chess Endings".

1941

  Karff defeats Rivero to win US women's Championship

1941

  Marshall authors "My fifty years of Chess".

1941

  Perkonoja, Pauli born. First International Solving GM, 1982.

1941

  Rauzer (born 1908) died.

1941

  Reshevsky defeats Horowitz to retain his US Championship.

1941

  01/ Botvinnik wins "Absolute Championship" of the USSR.

1941

  01/11 Lasker, Emanuel (born 1868) died in Manhattan.

1941

  01/13 Avner, Uri born in Petach Tikva, Israel. IJComp 1979; International
  Solving Master (ISM) 1982
.

1941

  01/14 Quinones born, Peru.  IM 1963.

1941

  02/27 Kuijpers born, Dutch Champion 1963. IM 1964.

1941

  03/27 Bokhosian, Sarkis born in Plovdiv, Bulgaria. IM 1978.

1941

  04/25 Apsenieks, Fricis died in Riga, Latvia.  Elo: 2430. Latvian
  Champion
1926-7, 1934
.

1941

  05/03 Gaprindashvili, Nona born in Zugdidi, Georgia. WIM 1961; IM 1962;
  WGM 1976; IGM 1978. Women's World Champion 1962-78.

1941

  06/ Hitler attacks Russia; ends preliminaries of the 13th National
  Championship.

1941

  06/16 Oim born in Estonia. Won 9th world corr. ch.

1941

  07/13 Raud died in Buenos Aires of starvation. Two time Estonian
  Champion.

1941

  08/ US Open, St Louis.  Fine First.

1941

  08/02 Murey, Yaacov born.  GM 1987.

1941

  08/11 Kushnir Stein, Soviet woman master, born. Women's final in 1965,
 
69, 72.

1941

  08/27 Hall, John died in Bradford, England. Hall variation.

1941

  08/29 Stahlberg played 400 games simultaneously in Buenos Aires; 364
  wins, 14 draws, 22 losses, (40 at a time, then new opponent)
.

1941

  09/03 Ilyin-Genevsky died in Novaya Ladoga. 3-time Leningrad
  Champion.

1941

  09/06 Remlinger, Larry born.

1941

  09/10 Balinas, Rosendo born in Manila. IM 1975; GM 1976.

1941

  09/27 Corzo y Principe, Juan died in Havana. Cuban Champion, 1902.

1941

  10/03 Hamilton-Russell, Frederick died in Cleobury North, England.
  President of BCF.

1941

  10/03 Palciauskas, world correspondence Champion, born. Professor of
  geophysics.

1941

  10/26 Zaltsman, Vitaly born.

1941

  12/23 Ault, Robin born in Elizabeth, NJ.

1941

  12/30 Parma born in Ljubljana. World jr Champion 1961. GM 1963. IM
  1961.

1942

  First British Championship held. Won by R. Bonham (blind).

1942

  First use of Swiss pairing, in US at a Texas Championship.

1942

  First U.S. Speed Championship; won by Fine.

1942

  Barulin, Mikhail died in Russia. Fostered Chess problems in Russia.

1942

  "Chess Review" price: 30 cents; yearly subscription $3.

1942

  Karff wins US Women's Championship.

1942

  Pomar wins Championship of Balearic Islands at age 11.

1942

  Rabinovich, Ilya died from malnutrition during the siege of Leningrad.

1942

  Rajkovic, Yugoslav IGM (1977), born.

1942

  Ryumin, Nikolai died. Beat Capablanca, Euwe, and Stahlberg.

1942

  01/03 Dunne, Alex born.

1942

  01/29 Brinck-Claussen, Bjorn born in Copenhagen. IM 1986.

1942

  02/02 Richardson, English Corres. IGM, born. First British GM, 1975.

1942

  02/17 Shipley born.

1942

  02/23 Blumich, Reinhold Max died in Falkenberg, Germany. Blumich
  variation
.

1942

  03/07 Belavenets, Sergey died in Novgorod, Russia. Killed in action.
  Moscow Champion 1932, 1937, 1938.

1942

  03/08 Capablanca died at the Manhattan Chess Club. World Chess
  Champion
1921-1927. Elo: 2725.

1942

  03/26 Kovacevic, Yugoslav IGM, born. IM 1970. GM 1976.

1942

  03/27 Alterman, Vladimir born in Russia. GM 1992.

1942

  04/01 Vukic, Yugoslav IGM, born. Yug Champion 1974. IM 1967. GM 1975.

1942

  04/18 Kubbel died in the siege of Leningrad. Problem composer.

1942

  04/19 Valvo, Michael, US IM, born.

1942

  04/25 Albertson, Bruce born.

1942

  05/06 Formanek, Edward born in Chicago. IM 1977.

1942

  05/07 Giam, Choo Kwee born in Singapore. Singapore IM 1976; IA 1983.

1942

  05/12 Velimirovic, Dragoljub, Yugoslav IGM, born.

1942

  05/18 Augustin, Josef born in Kyjov, Czechoslovakia. IM 1976.

1942

  06/05 Abonyi, Istvan died in Budapest, Hungary. Hungarian master.

1942

  06/17 Rajkovic born Krusevac. GM 1977. Yugoslav Champion 1983. IM
  1974.

1942

  07/ US Championship, New York, Reshevsky & Kashdan 1st; Resevsky
  wins playoff.

1942

  08/ Troitzky, founder of modern study composition, died of starvation in
  Leningrad.

1942

  08/ US Open, Dallas, Steiner & Yanofsky 1st. Directed by C.J. Thompson.

1942

  08/20 Spielmann (born 1883), Austrian master, died in Sweden.

1942

  11/11 Goichberg, William born in New York City. FM 1983. Chess
  organizer.

1942

  11/27 Jansa, Czech IGM, born. IM 1965. GM 1974.

1943

  Tseitlin, Mark born. IM 1978.

1943

  US Amateur Championship - won by A. Mengarini.

1943

  Wolf, Heinrich, Austrian master, died by the Nazis.

1943

  02/25 Hoffman, Asa born.

1943

  03/09 Fischer, Robert born in Chicago, Ill.  IM 1957; GM 1958. World
  Champion
1972-75.

1943

  03/22 Spassov, Liuben born Bulg GM 1976.

1943

  03/27 Gulbrandsen, Arne born in Moss, Norway. IM 1981.

1943

  03/28 Behting (Betins), Karl died in Riga, Latvia. Behting variation.

1943

  03/31 Zuckerman, Bernard born.

1943

  04/10 Schmidt; Wlodimierz, born Poznan. 4-time Polish Champion. GM
  1976. IM 1968.

1943

  04/14 Nemet born Sombor. Yugoslav Champion, 1979. GM 1978. IM 1976.

1943

  04/19 Toth born Italian IM 1974.

1943

  05/15 Campos-Lopez, Mario born in Mexico. IM 1975.

1943

  05/18 Sosonko born Troitsk. 2-time Dutch Champion. GM 1976. IM 1974.

1943

  07/04 Rodrigues-Vargas, Peruvian IGM (1978) born.

1943

  08/ US Open, Syracuse, Horowitz First.

1943

  08/02 Subramanian, S. born.

1943

  08/06 Pfleger born Teplice-Sanor. West German Champion 1965. GM
  1975. IM 1965. Dr. of psychology.

1943

  08/09 Kavalek born in Prague. IM 1965. GM 1965.

1943

  09/26 Gutierrez, Jose born in Columbia. IM 1972.

1943

  10/04 Camaratta born, Top corr. player.

1943

  10/17 Cunningham, Walter born in Los Angeles.

1943

  10/22 Calvo-Minguez, Ricardo born in Alicante, Spain. IM 1973.

1943

  10/31 Blagojevic, Katarina (ne Jovanovic) born in Belgrade. WIM 1964;
  WGM 1986.

1943

  11/11 Adamski, Jan born in Warsaw, Poland. IM 1976.

1943

  11/18 Bwee, Touw Hian born in Pekalongan, Java. IJComp 1977; IM
 
Comp 1977; GM Comp 1984
.

1943

  11/21 Lee born British Champion 1965.

1943

  12/01 Enklaar, Bertus born in Amsterdam. IM 1973.

1944

  Steiner, Endre  Hungarian player, died.

1944

  Wagner, Elbert  elected USCF President.

1944

  01/11 Botvinnik retains his title as absolute Chess Champion of the
  USSR.

1944

  01/12 Hort, Vlastimil born in Kladno, Czechoslovakia. IM 1962; GM 1965.

1944

  02/03 Hodges, Albert Beauregard died in Staten Island at age 82.
  Operated Ajeeborn Won US Championship 1894. Elo: 2450
.

1944

  02/26 Averkin, Orest born in Russia. IM 1976.

1944

  03/27 Hess, Ralf born in Luxemburg. IM 1980.

1944

  04/06 Acers, Jude, American master, born in Long Beach.

1944

  04/06 Gheorghiu, first Romanian to get IGM, born.  IM 1963. GM 1965.
  World Junior Champion 1963.  Romanian Champion 8 times.

1944

  04/12 Grau, Roberto died in Buenos Aires. Former South American
  Champion
and several time Argentina
Champion.

1944

  04/18 Planinc, Yugoslav IGM, born. IM 1970. GM 1972.

1944

  04/27 Westerinen, Finland IGM, born. Finnish Champion 1965, 66, 68. IM
  1967. GM 1975.

1944

  05/05 Dzindzihashvili, Roman born in Tbilisi. IM 1970; GM 1977. US co-
  Champion
1983.

1944

  05/07 Denker wins US Championship, New York (15.5-1.5). Won 9.
  straight games
.

1944

  05/07 Gresser wins US women's Championship.

1944

  05/21 USSR Chess Championship (13th) (National Chess Championship)
  begins in Moscow.

1944

  05/26 Kristol born Leningrad. World women's Champion 1984.

1944

  06/13 Lengyel, Levente born. Hungarian GM 1964.

1944

  06/21 Botvinnik wins 13th National USSR Chess Championship, Moscow.

1944

  06/26 Menchik, Vera Menchik-Stevenson (born 1906) died in Kent from a
  bombing raid.

1944

  06/26 Menchik, O. died in a bombing raid. World challenger in 1935,
  1937.

1944

  07/01 Komljenovic, Davorin born.

1944

  07/04 Garcia-Martinez, Silvino born in Havana. IM 1969. GM 1975.

1944

  08/10 McCord, Dr. J.BORN went 0 for 17 in the US Open.

1944

  08/10 Reshevsky first at 45th US Open, Boston.

1944

  09/05 Sloth born Sjorring. European Junior Champion 1963-4. World
  corr. Champion 1980.

1944

  09/25 Tseshkovsky, Vitaly born. IM 1973. GM 1975.

1944

  10/25 Bang, Erik born in Horsens, Denmark. IMC 1974; GMC 1979.

1944

  11/ Jackson, E.S. wins the third U.S Amateur title in New York.

1944

  11/09 Marshall (born 1877), American master, died in Jersey City.

1944

  11/15 Ree born.

1944

  12/20 Sturgis, George died in Boston. President of USCF.

1944

  12/31 Meyer, John born.

1945

1945

  First annual USCF golden Knights postal Championship; won by
  Rehberg.

1945

  Canadian Chess Federation changes name to Chess Federation of
  Canada.

1945

  Petrov, Vladimir died in prison camp. Born 1907. Latvian Champion
  1934, 35, 37.

1945

  01/ Gresser, Gisela plays 32 players simultaneously. Won 26, drew 2,
  lost 4. Record simultaneous for a female.

1945

  02/06 Cebalo, Miso born in Zagreborn IM 1978; GM 1985.

1945

  02/18 Plachetka, Czech GM, born.

1945

  03/14 Levy born, London. Scottish Champion 1968, 1975.

1945

  03/21 Martz born in Detroit. IM 1975.

1945

  04/09 Tealsen born.

1945

  04/16 Antunac, Goran born in Bari, Italy. Yugoslav IM 1975.

1945

  04/17 Junge died, a German army officer killed in action.

1945

  04/17 Lasker, Emanuel wins New York international.

1945

  05/15 Pytel born, Polish IM 1975.

1945

  05/25 Gesos, Pavlos born in Aetomilitsa, Greece. IM 1980.

1945

  06/01 USSR Championship began (14th) in Moscow.

1945

  06/28 Nicevski born Yugoslav IM 1975.

1945

  07/02 Botvinnik wins 14th USSR Championship in Moscow.

1945

  07/21 Santasiere wins 46th US Open, Peoria, IL. 33 players.

1945

  07/25 Martinovic born. Yugoslav IM 1976.

1945

  08/21 Alburt, Lev born in Orenburg, Russia. IM 1976; GM 1977. US
  Champion
1984, 1985.

1945

  08/31 Balla, Zoltan died in Budapest. Elo: 2450.

1945

  09/01 First International sport of any kind after the war, USA-USSR radio
  match. USSR won 15.5 - 4.5
.

1945

  09/02 V-J Day. World War II ends.

1945

  09/04 Fine plays 4 experts blindfolded, rapid transit, winning all 4.

1945

  09/11 Kirov-Ivanov, Bulgarian IGM, born. IM 1972. GM 1975. Bulgarian
  Champion 1973.

1945

  09/15 Petran born Hungarian IM 1976.

1945

  09/26 Gutman, Lev born in Riga, Latvia. IM 1980; GM 1986.

1945

  10/10 Razuvayev, Soviet IGM, born. IM 1973. GM 1976.

1945

  10/14 Baczynskyj, Boris born in Vienna. FM 1982.

1945

  11/ Ellis, Paul win US Amateur Championship in NY.

1945

  12/21 Suttles born. IM 1967. GM 1973.

1945

  12/29 First National Individual Intercollegiate Tournament, NY.

1946

  First time the USSR joined FIDE.

1946

  International Correspondence Chess Federation created by FIDE.

1946

  Karff wins US Women's Championship.

1946

  01/09 Hastings 1945/46.

1946

  01/09 Salman, Nachum born.

1946

  01/19 Kuzmin, Soviet IGM, born. GM 1973.

1946

  02/27 Andersson, Goran born in Alvesta, Sweden. IMC 1979.

1946

  02/28 Cvetkovic, Srdjan born in Sremska Mitrovica, Yugoslavia. IM 1980.

1946

  03/15 Tukmakov born.

1946

  03/16 Basman, Michael born in London. IM 1980.

1946

  03/21 Gandev, Peter born in Sliven, Bulgaria. IMComp 1988. Leading
  composer of fairy problems.

1946

  03/22 Smejkal, Czech player, born. IM 1970. GM 1972.

1946

  03/24 Alekhine, Alexander died of a heart attack in Estoril, Portugal.

1946

  04/01 Farago, Ivan born in Budapest. IM 1974; GM 1976. Hungarian
  Champion
1986.

1946

  04/03 Aeschlimann, Beat born in Switzerland. IA 1981.

1946

  04/06 Holzl, Franz born in Kufstein, Austria. IM 1985.

1946

  04/18 Rashkovsky, Naum born. IGM 1980.

1946

  05/13 Locock died. Born in 1862. British Chess problem composer.

1946

  06/02 Bronstein, Luis born in Cordoba, Argentina. IM 1978.

1946

  07/19 Goumondy, Claude born in Belmont, France. IMComp 1979;
  GMComp 1984; IJComp 1984.

1946

  08/ US Open, Pittsburgh, Steiner first. 58 entries. First Swiss system for
  the US Open.

1946

  08/07 Strauss, David born.

1946

  08/10 Mariotti, Italian GM, born in Florence. IM 1969. First Italian GM
  1974. Italian Champion 1969, 1971.

1946

  08/13 Groningen 1946 begins with 20 players.

1946

  08/20 Zavanelli, Max born in Ohio. Correspondence player.

1946

  08/24 Ivanovic born, Yugoslav IM 1976.

1946

  08/25 Kelling, F.K. died in New Zealand. Grand old man of New Zealand
  Chess.

1946

  09/01 First USCF official publication, CHESS LIFE.

1946

  09/07 Botvinnik wins First major international tourney after WWII,
  Groningen.

1946

  09/17 USSR vs USA return match ends in Moscow. USSR wins.

1946

  11/ First Central American Championship, held in Guatemala.
  Nicaragua won.

1946

  11/05 Cetkovic, Miodrag born in Vladican-Han, Yugoslavia. IM 1983.

1946

  11/12 Erenska-Radzewska, Hanna born in Poznan, Poland. WIM 1973;
  WGM 1981.

1946

  11/12 Radzewska born.

1946

  11/17 US Championship (6th), New York, Reshevsky first. Played on the
  50th floor of the Chanin Bldg. 20 entries.

1946

  11/20 Butnorius, Algimantas born in Russia. IM 1983.

1946

  12/19 Shahade, Michael born.

1946

  12/30 Amos, Bruce born in Toronto. IM 1969.

1947

  First computer program for Chess specified by A. Turing.

1947

  First national event to use the Swiss system, the US Open.

1947

  First national Championship of the Republic of the Philippines was won
  by Horacio Tagle.

1947

  First Peru national Championship; won by J. Perez.

1947

  First postage stamp depicting Chess issued in Bulgaria.

1947

  First Idaho state Championship, won by C.H. Stewart of Boise.

1947

  Gilchrist, Mary died in Scotland. British lady Champion in 1920 and
  1934.

1947

  Nesis, Gennady born. ICCG 1985.

1947

  O'Sullivan scored 1 draw and 12 losses at Hilversum Zonal.

1947

  Robinson, Sir Robert wins 1947 Nobel Prize in Chemistry.  President of
  the Royal Society and Chessplayer.

1947

  Russell, Hanon born.

1947

  Alden, Charles born. 1966 US Junior Champion.

1947

  01/ Alexander, C.H.O'D wins Hastings 1946/47 with 7.5 - 1.5 score.

1947

  01/ Najdorf plays 45 opponents blindfold (+39=4-2) in 23.5 hours.

1947

  01/08 Ivanov, Igor born.

1947

  02/09 Gulko, Boris born in Erfurt, Germany. IM 1975. GM 1976. Moscow
  Champion 1974.

1947

  02/24 Devenney, Raymond born in Coleraine, Ulster. Ireland co-
  Champion
1977.

1947

  03/ Belson, John Harold died. Canadian Chess Champion in 1934.

1947

  03/ Keres wins 15th USSR Championship in Leningrad (14-5 score).

1947

  03/ Najdorf wins Mar del Plata tournament.

1947

  03/05 Blumenfeld, Boris died in Moscow. Russian Chess theortician. Elo:
  2390
.

1947

  03/13 Belson, John died in Toronto (age 41). Canadian Champion in
  1934, 1946.

1947

  03/24 Hartoch, Robert born Amsterdam. European junior Champion
  1963-64. IM 1971.

1947

  04/14 Karlins, Andrew born.

1947

  05/20 Kaidor born Israeli IM 1975.

1947

  05/25 Lederman born in USSR. IM 1976. Lives in Israel.

1947

  05/28 Soltis, Andrew born in Hazleton, Pennsylvania.

1947

  06/ Kevitz, Alexander won the Manhattan CC Championship, 6.5 - 1.5.

1947

  06/01 Suba, Romanian IGM (1978), born. IM 1975. GM 1978.

1947

  06/03 Banas, Jan born in Nitra, Czechoslovakia. IM 1979.

1947

  06/16 Tseitlin, Mikhail born GM 1988.

1947

  06/16 Narraway, James died in Canada (age 90). Canadian Champion
  1893, 1897, 1898.

1947

  06/29 Yanofsky wins Canadian Championship held in Quebec.

1947

  07/01 First tourney for World Corr. Chess Champion began; 78 players.
  Purdy won.

1947

  07/04 Radashkovich born IM 1976. Israeli.

1947

  07/27 Grunberg, Sergiu-Henric born in Bucharest. IM 1985.

1947

  07/31 O'Kelly wins First European Zonal tournament at Hilversum.

1947

  08/ Turco, Marquis Stefani Rosselli del died in Italy. Founder of the
  Italian Chess
Federation.

1947

  08/01 Post, E. died in Berlin (age 65). President of the German Chess
 
Federation.

1947

  08/03 Fernandez, Ciro born in Cuba. IM 1975.

1947

  08/05 Debarnot, Roberto born in Argentina. IM 1977.

1947

  08/14 Yoffie, Marc born.

1947

  08/22 Golombek and Broadbent tie in the 1947 British Championship.

1947

  08/23 Kashdan wins 48th US Open (11.5 - 1.5), Corpus Christi. (86 players
  are a record)
.

1947

  08/12 Hartston, William born. IM 1973. British Champion 1973,75.

1947

  09/06 Grefe, John born in Hoboken, NJ. IM 1975. US co-Champion 1973.

1947

  09/07 Grigorian, Karen born in Erevan, Armenia. IM 1982.

1947

  09/08 Bleiman, Yacov born in Vilnius, Lithuania. IM 1971.

1947

  09/25 Borik, Otto born in Prague. IM 1982.

1947

  09/25 Sigurjonsson, Icelandic IGM, born. IM 1970. GM 1975.

1947

  10/02 Krnic born Yugoslav IM 1976.

1947

  10/04 Fatalibekova, Elena (ne Rubtsova) born in Moscow. WIM 1970;
  WGM 1977.

1947

  10/06 Bazlov, Yuri born in Slavianka, Russia. Winner of the 15th USSR
  study-composing Championship (1979-80)
.

1947

  10/14 Suradiradja, Herman born Indonesia GM 1977.

1947

  10/16 Estevez-Morales, Guillermo born in Menesses, Cuba. IM 1972.

1947

  10/29 Foigel, Igor born in Russia. IM 1982.

1947

  11/09 Georgadze, Tamaz born in Tbilisi, Georgia. IM 1975; GM 1977.

1947

  11/15 Kurajica, Yugoslav IGM, born. Won World junior Championship
  1965. GM 1973.

1947

  11/17 Crown, Gordon dies at age 18 in Liverpool after an operation for
  appendicitis.

1947

  11/25 Lechtynsky, Jiri born Czech GM 1982.

1947

  11/29 Hennig, Heinrich died in Kiel, Germany. Hennig-Schara Gambit.
  Admiral.

1947

  12/09 Dvoretsky, Mark born in Moscow. IM 1975. Leading Russian Chess
  trainer.

1947

  12/09 Hartston-Miles-Bellin, Jana (ne Malypetrova) born in Prague. WIM
  1969; WGM 1982.

1947

  12/09 MILES; Jana Malypetrova Hartston Miles born Prague. 8-time
  British
women's
Champion.

1947

  12/18 Basagic, Zlatko born in Derventa, Yugoslavia. IM 1986.

1947

  12/28 Quinteros, Argentine IGM, born. IM 1970. GM 1973.

1948

  First British Girls Championship won by A. Pocknell.

1948

  First Russian woman to achieve a master's rating - Elizabeth Bykova.

1948

  Evans (age 16) captures Marshall Club Championship.

1948

  Markwick, F.W. died (age 85) while playing Chess at Leigh-on-Sea.
  Chess correspondent for 44 years.

1948

  Mukhin born IM 1975. Died in 1977.

1948

  01/ Szabo, Laszlo won Hastings 1947-48 (7.5 - 1.5).

1948

  01/ Fine, "Practical Chess Openings" by Fine published.

1948

  01/14 Atanasov Petkov, Petko born in Bulgaria. IM 1983.

1948

  01/27 Vadasz, Laszlo born Hungarian IM 1975. GM 1976.

1948

  01/29 Keene born. IM 1972. 2nd British GM 1976. British Champion 1971.

1948

  02/14 Govedarica, Radovan born in Vrbas, Yugoslavia. IM 1980.

1948

  03/02 World Championship match-tournament begins, The Hague.

1948

  03/03 Despotovic, Momcilo born in Belgrade. IM 1978; IMC 1982.

1948

  03/14 Bjelajac, Milan born in Skopje. IM 1982.

1948

  03/16 Lemachko born.

1948

  04/24 Hase, Juan born in Argentina. IM 1982.

1948

  05/05 Honlinger met 213 opponents; won 187, drew 13, lost 13 in 12.5
  hours without a break.

1948

  05/06 Harding, Timothy born in England. Author.

1948

  05/17 Botvinnik wins at The Hague/Moscow to become world
  Champion.
 Wins $5,000.

1948

  06/09 Simic, Radoslav born Yug GM 1984.

1948

  08/31 Steiner, Herman wins 7th US Championship in South Fallsburg,
  NY.

1948

  08/31 Gresser and Karff become US women's co-Champions.

1948

  07/16 Boersma, Paulus born in Leewarden, Netherlands. IM 1986.

1948

  07/17 Adams, Weaver wins 49th US Open, Baltimore.

1948

  07/24 Bisguier wins US Jr Championship held at Oak Ridge, TN.

1948

  08/11 FIDE General Meeting (19th) starts at Saltsjobaden, Sweden.

1948

  08/15 Bronstein wins First interzonal at Saltjobaden. Survived an
  assassin. First place was $550.

1948

  08/25 Braun, Marilyn (Koput, Simmons) born in Milwaukee. WIM 1972.

1948

  08/29 Crittenden, Kit wins NC state Championship at age 13, nation's
  youngest state Champion.

1948

  09/ Price, Edith wins British Women's Championship in London at age
  76. Oldest Champ ever.

1948

  09/30 Djukic, Zeljko born in Glamoc, Yugoslavia. IM 1986.

1948

  11/06 Hubner, Robert born in Cologne. IM 1969; GM 1971.

1948

  11/20 First Soviet stamp issued to mark the world Chess Championship
  match.

1948

  12/02 Angantysson, Haukur born in Flateyri, Iceland. IM 1981.

1948

  12/14 Bronstein and Kotov tie in the 16th USSR Championship, Moscow.

1949

  First Northern California - Southern California annual match.

1949

  First USSR correspondence Chess Championship tournament.

1949

  Evans wins Marshall Club Championship.

1949

  Fine wins New York International.

1949

  ICCF; International Cr. Chess Fed (ICCF) replaces International Chess
 
Association.

1949

  Israeli Chess Federation founded.

1949

  Rueb, President of FIDE for 25 years, retired. Rogard becomes FIDE
  President.

1949

  Silent, Formation of International Committee on Silent Chess
  (Copenhaen).

1949

  Shannon presents a paper on programming a computer for Chess.

1949

  Tranmer, E. scored a perfect 11-0 score in the British Ladies'
  Championship.

1949

  01/05 Espig, Lutz born in Greiz, Germany. IM 1972; GM 1983.

1949

  01/08 Botterill, George born in Yorkshire, England. British Champion
  1974. IM 1978.

1949

  01/08 Rossolimo wins Hastings 1948/49.

1949

  01/10 Browne, Walter born in Sydney, Australia. IM 1969; GM 1970. US
  Champion 1974, 1975, 1977, 1980, 1981, 1983.

1949

  02/01 Day, Lawrence born in Kitchener, Ontario. IM 1972.

1949

  03/05 Vaiser, Anatoly born Alma Alta. GM 1985.

1949

  03/12 Balashov, Yuri born in Shadrinsk, Russia. IM 1970; GM 1973.

1949

  04/10 Didishko, Vereslov born in Minsk. IM 1982.

1949

  04/27 Timoshenko born. IM 1976.

1949

  05/02 Raicevic born IM 1975. GM 1976. Yugoslavia.

1949

  05/21 Ghizdavu, Dumitru born in Bucharest. IM 1972.

1949

  07/ First FIDE Grandmaster list. 17 GMs. (Chess 7/49,213; 10/49,14).

1949

  07/03 Kupreichik born.

1949

  07/22 Markzon, Gregory born.

1949

  07/25 Ghinda, Mihai-Viorel born in Bucharest. IM 1977.

1949

  08/ US Open, Omaha, Alburt Sandrin First (half blind).

1949

  08/08 Opening day of the First British Championship run as a Swiss, at
  Felixstowe.

1949

  08/28 O'Connell, Kevin born British writer.

1949

  09/ Golombek wins British Championship. First British Championship to
  use the Swiss system.

1949

  09/ Mackenzie, A.J. died in Hastings. 3-time Scottish Champion.

1949

  09/14 Zlotnikov, Mikhail born.

1949

  09/29 Ermenkov, Evgeny born in Sofia. 5-time Bulgarian Champion. IM
  1974; GM 1977.

1949

  10/13 Alexandria, Nana born in Poti, Georgia. 3-time USSR women's
  Champion.
 WIM 1966; WGM 1976
.

1949

  11/10 Antonov Nikolov, Vladimir born in Pernik, Bulgaria. IM 1980.

1949

  11/20 Bronstein and Smyslov tie in 17th USSR Championship.

1949

  11/23 Hernandez, Roman born in Santiago, Cuba. IM 1975; GM 1978.
  Cuban Champion 1981-82. IM 1975.

1949

  12/05 Koltanowski played 257 games in 12 hours in San Francisco.
  Played 37 at a time.

1950

1950

  Bonham; International Braille Association founded by R. Bonham.

1950

  First individual world correspondence Championship began.

1950

  ICCF; The International Correspondence Chess Federation formed.

1950

  Kaplan;  Julio Kaplan born.

1950

  Long Game; Pilnik-Czerniak, 191 move draw, 23 hours. Mar del Plata.

1950

  Najdorf played 250 games simultaneously, won 226, drew 14, lost 10.

1950

  Harold Phillips elected USCF president.

1950

  01/ Szabo wins Hastings 1949/50.

1950

  01/12 Rowley, Robert born.

1950

  01/15 Boehm, Hans born in the Netherlands. Dutch IM 1975.

1950

  01/18 Rudenko, Liudmila wins Women's World Championship, Moscow.
  16 players.  11.5-6.5 score.

1950

  02/11 Evgeny Sveshnikov born Cheliabinsk. GM 1977.

1950

  02/23 Budinszky, Maria (nee Ivanka) born in Budapset. WIM 1968.

1950

  02/25 Frey, Kenneth born in Neuilly, France. IM 1975.

1950

  02/28 Lerner;  Konstantin Lerner born Odessa. GM 1986.

1950

  03/24 Babula, Milan born in Uhersky Brod, Czechoslovakia. FM 1981; IM
  1983.

1950

  03/26 Palatnik, Semen born GM 1978.

1950

  03/31 Adorjan, Andras born in Budapest. IM 1970; GM 1973. Born Jocha.

1950

  04/16 Bouaziz, Slim born in Tunisia. IM 1975.

1950

  04/23 Rantanen; Yrjo Rantanen born Tampere. 2-time Finnish
  Champion.
GM 1981.

1950

  05/01 Bronstein, Boleslavsky win First Candidates tournament,
  Budapest, (won $5,000)
.

1950

  05/01 Start of First correspondence world Champion finals. Won by
  Purdy.

1950

  05/08 Bellon-Lopez, Juan born in Valencia, Spain. 5-time Spanish
  Champion.
GM 1979. IM 1974.

1950

  06/18 Borm, Franciscus born in Roosendaal, Netherlands. IM 1986.

1950

  07/ FIDE met in Copenhagen. 27 GMs. (CHESS 8/1950, 208).

1950

  07/05 Diaz, Joaquin Carlos born in Pinar del Rio, Cuba. Cuban IM 1975.

1950

  07/09 Lukacs; Peter Lukacs born Hungarian IM 1976.

1950

  07/22 Chevaldonnet, Francois born in Reims, France. IM 1985.

1950

  07/22 US Open, Detroit, Bisguier First. (120 players). Score was 9-3.

1950

  07/31 Candidates; Start of First Candidates playoff, Bronstein-
  Boleslavsky, Moscow.

1950

  08/ Silans; C. Chaude de Silans is First lady to play in men's olympiad.

1950

  08/ Thomas; Sir T. Thomas is only blind player to play in a Chess
  olympiad.

1950

  08/27 Bronstein wins Candidates playoff, 7.5-6.5, against Boleslavsky.

1950

  08/27 Ubilava;  Elizbar Ubilava born Tbilisi. GM 1988.

1950

  09/02 Broadbent wins British Championship at Buxton.

1950

  09/10 Dubrovnik Olympiad; Yugoslavia First, US 4th. (First post-war
  olympiad). 16 countries
.

1950

  09/11 Harandi,Khossrow born in Iran. Iran IM 1975.

1950

  09/11 Meduna, Eduard born Czech GM 1987.

1950

  09/19 Lombard;  Andre Lombard born.  Swiss Champion 1975. IM 1976.

1950

  09/30 Robinson, Robert elected President of the British Chess
  Federation.

1950

  10/04 Giffard, Nicolas born in La Baule, France. IM 1980.

1950

  10/04 Weinstein;  Norman Weinstein born.

1950

  11/ First USCF rating list (2306 players, Fine is #1, Reshevsky #2) (CHESS
  2/51,96)
.

1950

  11/01 Bradford, Joseph born in Meridian, MS. FM.

1950

  11/02 Ljubojevic;  Lubomir Ljubojevic, Yugoslav IGM, born. GM 1971.

1950

  11/19 Biyiasas, Peter born in Athens. 3-time Canadian Champion. IM
  1972; GM 1978.

1950

  11/27 Birnboim, Nathan born in Tel Aviv. IM 1978.

1950

  12/ Verlinsky, Boris died in USSR. Born 1887. IM 1950. USSR Champion
  1929.

1950

  12/12 Keres wins 18th USSR Championship.

1950

  12/24 Dobrovolsky, Ladislav born in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia. FM 1981;
  IM 1982.

1951

  Arbiter;  Internatioal Arbiter (judge) title created by FIDE.

1951

  Braille;  International Braille Chess Association founded by R. Bonham.
  Affiliated with FIDE in 1964.

1951

  College;  Columbia wins 16-team intercollegiate Championship.

1951

  Correspondence;  First USSR Correspondence Championship won by
  Konstantinopolsky.

1951

  Najdorf wins Amsterdam international.

1951

  Pachl, Franz born. German problemist and German Champion of mini-
  golf in 1977.

1951

  Stamp;  First postage stamp portraying a master issued in Cuba.

1951

  Wade played 30 Russian boys in Moscow. Drew 10, lost 20.

1951

  White, Alain died.

1951

  Keres wins 19th USSR Championship in Moscow.

1951

  01/04 Ervin, Roy born.

1951

  01/06 Unzicker wins Hastings 1950/51.

1951

  01/16 Hundsdorfer, Wolfgang died in Freissing, Germany. Problemist.

1951

  01/19 Hernandez, Jose born in Cuba. IM 1977.

1951

  02/10 Peters, John born.

1951

  02/14 Abramovic, Bosko born in Zrenjanin, Yugoslavia. IM 1980; GM
  1984.

1951

  02/21 Dory, Jeno born in Budapest. IM 1986.

1951

  03/25 Botvinnik-Bronstein match, Moscow (First under FIDE rules).

1951

  03/29 Velikov;  Petar Velikov born Bulgarian IM 1975.

1951

  04/05 Barreras, Alberto born in Cienfuegos, Cuba. IM 1981.

1951

  04/25 Savage, Allan born.

1951

  05/03 Purdy won Australian Championship for 4th time. Won in 1934,
 
1937, 1948.

1951

  05/11 Botvinnik draws Bronstein to retain world Championship,
  Moscow.

1951

  05/11 Wall, William Dale born in Raymond, Washington. Chess author &
  organizer.

1951

  05/23 Karpov;  Anatoly Karpov born in Zlatoust, USSR.

1951

  05/25 Hulak, Krunoslav born in Osijek, Yugoslavia. Yugoslav Champion
  1976. GM 1976. IM 1974.

1951

  05/28 Horvath, Gyula born in Bacsalmas, Hungary. IM 1986.

1951

  05/29 Maroczy, Geza (born 1870), Yugoslav IGM, died in Budapest. GM
  1950.

1951

  06/11 First world jr. Championship, Birmingham, England starts. Ivkov
 
first.

1951

  06/11 Boudy, Julio born in Cuba. IM 1975.

1951

  06/14 Fedder, Steen born in Copenhagen. IM 1982.

1951

  06/18 SAX; Gyula Sax, Hungarian IGM, born. IM 1972. GM 1976.

1951

  06/27 Andersson, Ulf born in Vasteras, Sweden. IM 1970; GM 1972.

1951

  07/ US Championship, New York, Evans First.

1951

  07/23 Commons, Kim born in Lancaster, CA. IM 1976.

1951

  07/29 Coudari, Camille born in Aleppo, Syria. Canadian IM 1979.

1951

  08/ US Open, Fort Worth, Evans first. (98 players).

1951

  08/02 Fernandez, Juan born in Argentina. IM 1975.

1951

  08/25 Dann, Stephen born in Worcester, MA. Chess magazine editor.

1951

  09/02 Salgado, Robert born.

1951

  09/05 Watson, John born.

1951

  09/06 Ribli;  Zoltan Ribli, Hungarian IGM, born. IM 1970. GM 1973.
  Hungarian Champion
1973, 74.

1951

  10/14 Interzonal at Stockholm, Sweden.

1951

  10/15 Vaganian; Rafael Vaganian born.

1951

  10/23 Horvath, Tamas born in Zalaegerszeg, Hungary. IM 1982.

1951

  10/31 Anton, Volker-Michael born in Magdeburg, Germany. IMC 1983.

1951

  11/04 Torre; Eugenio Torre, Filipino IGM, born.

1951

  11/20 Hresc, Vladimir born in Zemun, Yugoslavia. IM 1985.

1951

  12/02 Koltanowski won 43, drew 5, lost 2 in 10 seconds-per-move
  blindfold Chess in 9 hours of play in SF.

1951

  12/05 Ardiansyah, H. born in Bandjermasin, Indonesia. IM 1969; GM
  1986.

1951

  12/08 DeFotis, Gregory born in Chicago.

1951

  12/11 Blake, Joseph died in Kingston-Upon-Thames. British Champion
  1909. British Correspondence Champion 1922.

1951

  12/14 Timman, Dutch IGM, born.

1951

  12/16 Dawson, Thomas died in London. Pioneer of fairy Chess. Born in
  1889. Rubber chemistry expert.

1951

  12/20 Arapovic, Vitomir born in Mostar, Yugoslavia. IM 1979.

1951

  12/24 Piasetski; Leon Piasetski, Canadian IM, born. IM 1975.

1952

  Evans defeats Steiner 10-4 in a US Championship match.

1952

  Gligoric wins Hastings 1951/52.

1952

  Poutianen; Pertti Poutianen born, Finnish Champion 1974. IM 1976.
  Died 1978.

1952

  Reshevsky defeats Najdorf for the unofficial Championship of the west.

1952

  Student; First international tournament for students, Liverpool.

1952

  01/04 Szymczak; Zbigniew Szymczak born.

1952

  01/05 Ogaard; Leif Ogaard born Norwegian IM 1974.

1952

  01/10 Romanishin, Oleg born. IM 1973.

1952

  01/17 Vogt; Lothar Vogt, East German IGM, born. IM 1973. GM 1976.

1952

  01/23 Mecking, Brazilian IGM (1972), born.

1952

  01/28 Arbakov, Valentine born. Rated 2640 as an IM.

1952

  02/02 Andres-Mendez, Miguel born in Havana. IM 1984.

1952

  02/17 Montgomery, Parker born.

1952

  02/13 Combe, Robert died in Aberdeen, Scotland. British Champion
  1946.

1952

  02/22 Tarjan, James born. GM 1976.

1952

  02/26 Rinck, Henri (born 1870), Chess composer, died in Barcelona.

1952

  03/04 Eslon, Jaan born in Falkoping, Sweden. IM 1977.

1952

  03/11 Foltys, Jan died in Ostrava, Czechoslovakia. Czech Champion
  1943. IM 1950. Qualified for Interzonal but died of leukemia.

1952

  03/21 Barle, Janez born in Rijeka, Yugoslavia. Yugoslav IM 1976.

1952

  04/16 Afek, Yochanan born in Tel Aviv. FM 1986 Born Kopelovich.
  IJComp 1988; IMComp 1989.

1952

  04/ Koltanowski beats Bogart in blindfold play. (CHESS 5/52,159 -
  game).

1952

  04/24 Heathcote, Godfrey died in Cheltenham, England. Composer.

1952

  04/24 Ornstein; Axel Ornstein born, Swedish Champion 1975. IM 1975.

1952

  05/01 Dorfman, Iosif born in Russia. IM 1977; GM 1978.

1952

  05/16 Winslow, Elliot born.

1952

  05/17 Leverett, Bruce born.

1952

  06/10 Day, Angela born in Canada. WIM 1982.

1952

  06/17 Bogoljubov, Efim German IGM, died in Triberg, Germany after a
  simultaneus exhibition.

1952

  06/27 Meyer, Eugene born.

1952

  06/29 Sher, Miron born URS GM 1992.

1952

  06/30 Bellin, Robert born in Great Yarmouth, England. British co-
  Champion
1974. IM 1977
.

1952

  07/07 Jamieson; Robert Jamieson born Australian IM 1975.

1952

  07/11 Sharif; Mehrshad Sharif born Iranian IM 1975.

1952

  07/16 Hardicsay, Peter born in Vac, Hungary. IM 1986.

1952

  07/17 Platov; Vasily Platov (born 1881), soviet Chess composer, died.

1952

  07/26 US Open, Tampa, Evans first.

1952

  09/ Olympiad; Helsinki olympiad, USSR first.  US 5th.

1952

  09/07 Napier, William (born 1881), American master, died in Washington
  DC.

1952

  09/10 Hug, Werner born in Feldmeilen, Switzerland. World jr Champion
  1971. Swiss Champion 1975. IM 1971
.

1952

  09/19 Chellstorp, Craig born in Chicago. US Jr Champion, 1972.

1952

  10/ Saltsjobaden (Stockholm) Interzonal, Kotov first. 21 players.

1952

  10/19 Haik, Aldo born in Tunis. IM 1977.

1952

  10/20 Sergeant; Philip Sergeant, Chess author, died.

1952

  11/20 Bikova wins Women's Candidates for the World Championship,
  Moscow.

1952

  11/21 Shirazi, Kamran born.

1952

  12/ Ratings, USCF: Reshevsky 2751, Fine 2676, Evans 2660 (CHESS
  12/52,47)
.

1952

  12/18 Evans, Larry David born in New York City. IM 1980.

1953

  First Bognor Regis Chess Congress, England.

1953

  First British junior Championship; won by D. Griffiths.

1953

  First Clare Benedict International Team Tournament, won by the Dutch.

1953

  First Chess book published by the Tatar language, by Neimetdinov.

1953

  Correspondence; Titles of GM of correspondence Chess and IM for
  correspondence
Chess instituted.

1953

  DEAF; First team Championship for the deaf (Norway).

1953

  Karff wins US women's Championship.

1953

  Keres becomes first sportsman of the year in Chess in USSR.

1953

  01/ First FIDE bulletin published.

1953

  01/09 Hastings 1952/53 over. 4-way tie.

1953

  01/10 Scott;  R. Scott died. Born 1889. British Champion 1920.

1953

  02/09 Taylor, Timothy born.

1953

  02/23 Bielczyk, Jacek born in Katowice, Poland. IM 1979.

1953

  03/07 Erdelyi, Tamas born in Hungary. IM 1986.

1953

  03/16 Knaak;  Rainer Knaak, East German IGM, born. IM 1973. GM 1975.
  East German Champion 1974.

1953

  03/20 Dobosz, Henryk born in Lublin, Poland. IM 1978.

1953

  03/22 Rogoff;  Kenneth Rogoff, US IGM (1978), born. IM 1974.

1953

  03/31 End of first world correspondence Championship.  Won by Cecil
  Purdy with 10.5 score.

1953

  04/08 Castro-Rojas, Oscar born in Columbia. IM 1975.

1953

  05/01 Dorfman, Josef born. GM.

1953

  06/14 Hazai, Laszlo born in Budapest. IM 1977.

1953

  07/ First British Lightning Chess Championship (10 seconds a move);
  won by Paul List.

1953

  07/ First British Lightning Chess Champion - Leonard Barden.

1953

  07/ 2nd World jr. Championship;  Copenhagen, Panno, Darga First.

1953

  07/28 Candidates;  2nd Candidates tournament, Zurich, Smyslov First.

1953

  08/ US Open, Milwaukee, Donald Byrne First, wins $1,500 (182 players).

1953

  08/19 Beil, Zdenek born in Frydek-Mistek, Czechoslovakia. IM 1985.

1953

  09/04 Stean;  Michael Stean, British IGM (1977), born. IM 1975.

1953

  09/11 Berry, Jonathan born in Chilliwack, British Columbia. IA 1975; IMC
  1983; FM 1984; GMC 1985
.

1953

  09/26 Gurgenidze, David born in Russia. IMComp 1980; GMComp. 1990.

1953

  10/05 Panchenko, Aleksander born GM 1980.

1953

  10/20 Biriescu, Ion born in Darova-Timis, Romania. IM 1979.

1953

  10/24 Smyslov wins 2nd Candidates tourney, Zurich.

1953

  11/09 Pinter;  Joszef Pinter born Budapest. GM 1982. IM 1976.

1953

  11/17 Makarichev, Sergei born Moscow. GM 1976. IM 1974.

1953

  11/26 World Women's Championship finished in Moscow.

1953

  11/30 Gruchaz, Robert born. IM 1980.

1953

  12/02 Garcia-Palermo, Carlos born in La Plata, Argentina. IM 1981; GM
  1985.

1953

  12/03 Ballet;  First ballet on ice, Sinbad the Sailor, with a Chess theme,
  London.

1953

  12/08 Grigorov, Iordan born in Sofia, Bulgaria. IM 1979.

1953

  12/09 Garcia-Gonzales, Guillermo born in Las Villas, Cuba. 3-time
  Cuban Champion. GM 1976. IM 1974.

1953

  12/16 Gonzales, Jorge born in Bogota, Columbia. IM 1977.

1953

  12/16 Petrosian, Arshak born GM 1984.

1953

  12/17 Beliavsky, Alexander born in Lvov, Ukraine. IM 1973; GM 1975.
  World Jr Champion 1973. USSR Champion 1974
.

1954

  Alice Chess invented by Vernon Parton (1897-1974).

1954

  Lombardy (16) wins NY state Championship.

1954

  Olympiad; First Student Olympiad, world youth team Championship
  Oslo, won by Czechoslovakia.

1954

  USSR beats US, 20-12, in 8-board match in New York.

1954

  02/23 Mieses (born 1865), IGM, died (First British player to get IGM).

1954

  02/28 Kopec, Danny born.

1954

  03/ Ratings; First British Grading list published (49 names), (BCF).

1954

  03/09 Garcia, Gildardo born in Medellin, Columbia. IM 1979.

1954

  03/16 Botvinnik-Smyslov match begins, Moscow.

1954

  03/25 Liebowitz, Errol born.

1954

  05/03 Fernandez-Garcia, Jose born in Portugalete, Spain. IM 1980; GM
  1986.

1954

  05/10 Epstein, Esther born. WIM 1972.

1954

  05/13 Botvinnik draws with Smyslov to retain world Championship title.

1954

  05/14 Cooper, John born in Cardiff, Wales. IM 1984.

1954

  06/08 Levitina, Irina born.

1954

  06/12 Orton, William born.

1954

  06/18 Ambroz, Jan born in Lanskroun, Czechoslovakia. IM 1980.

1954

  06/23 Arkhipov, Sergey born in Moscow. IM 1985; GM 1992.

1954

  07/ US Championship New York, Bisguier first.

1954

  07/08 Levitina born. WGM 1976.

1954

  07/18 Bjarnason, Saevar born in Iceland. IM 1985.

1954

  08/ Gresser wins US women's open.

1954

  08/ Olympiad; Amsterdam Olympiad, USSR First.

1954

  08/ US Open, New Orleans, Evans first on t-b over Pomar (110 players).

1954

  08/23 Harper, Bruce born in Vancouver, British Columbia. FM 1983.

1954

  08/28 Silman, Jeremy born.

1954

  09/06 Agzamov, Georgy born in Almalik, Russia. IM 1982; GM 1984. Died
  1986.

1954

  11/03 Alekhina, Natalia born in Russia. WIM 1984.

1954

  11/08 Mikhalchisin born Lvov. GM 1978.

1954

  11/10 Spraggett, Canadian IGM (1985), born. IM 1975.

1954

  11/23 Bernard, Henry died in England. Problemist.

1954

  11/25 Savereide, Diane born.

1954

  12/06 Armas, Asela born in Cuba. WIM 1978.

1954

  12/14 Moore, Bobby born.

1954

  12/24 Delaune, Richard born.

1954

  12/31 Znosko-Borovsky (born 1884), Russian master & author, died.

1955

1955

  ACF; Formation of American Chess Foundation.

1955

  Blind; Start of first Blind Correspondence World Championship.  Won
  by R. Bonham.

1955

  Fordham wins national intercollegiate team title.

1955

  Gresser and Nancy Roos become US women's co-Champions.

1955

  USSR beats US, 25-7, in Moscow match.

1955

  01/06 Marjanovic born Lalinac. Yugoslav Champion 1985. GM 1978.

1955

  01/23 Biyiases, Ruth (ne Haring, Orton) born in Bourne, MA.

1955

  01/23 Haring, Ruth (Orton, Biyiasas) born in Bourne, MA. WIM 1977.

1955

  01/31 Atkins, Henry died in Huddersfield, England. IM 1950. 9-time
  British
Champion (1905-1911, 1924, 1925).

1955

  02/05 Barnes, Craig born in Norman, OK. US master.

1955

  02/08 Szekely born Hungarian IM 1976.

1955

  02/20 Shapiro, Daniel born.

1955

  03/ Rating; USCF rating list: Reshevsky (2766), Evans (2629, R. Byrne
  (2621)
.

1955

  03/20 Schiller, Eric born.

1955

  04/23 Miles, US IGM (1976), born in England. First British GM.

1955

  04/25 Nunn born. IM 1975. GM 1978. European Jr Champion 1975.

1955

  04/26 Armas, Iulius born in Bucharest. IM 1985.

1955

  05/16 Murray (born 1868), Chess historian, died.

1955

  05/18 Harley, Brian died in Bognor Regis, England. Composer.

1955

  05/27 Alzate, Dario born in Columbia. IM 1984.

1955

  06/ World jr. Championship, Antwerp. Spassky first.

1955

  06/28 Blocker, Calvin born in Cleveland. FM 1981; IM 1982.

1955

  07/07 Bonin, Jay born. IM 1985.

1955

  07/10 Schneider born Swedish IM 1976.

1955

  07/11 Karlsson born Stockholm. GM 1982.

1955

  07/15 Frankle, Jon born.

1955

  07/26 Djuric, Stefan born in Belgrade. IM 1978; GM 1982.

1955

  08/ US Open, Long Beach, Rossolimo first (wins 1955 buick), 156
  players
.

1955

  09/11 Arne, Mike born.

1955

  10/ Interzonal;  Gothenburg interzonal, Bronstein first.

1955

  10/25 Angelova (Chilingirova), Pavlina born in Bulgaria. WIM 1982.

1955

  11/23 Lederer died.

1955

  11/25 Steiner, Herman, 50, dies during the California State
  Championship.

1955

  11/27 Chekhov, Valery born in Russia. World jr Champion 1975. IM 1975;
  GM 1984.

1955

  12/11 Griffith died in Hendon, England. British Champion 1912. Co-
  author of MCO.

1955

  12/11 Lukov, Valentin born Bulgarian GM 1988.

1955

  12/13 Loginov, Valery born GM 1991.

1955

  12/18 Winter died of TB. British Champion 1935, 1936. Born 1898.

1955

  12/24 Kuligowski born Warsaw. Polish Champion 1978. GM 1980.

1956

  First Alekhine Memorial, Moscow; won by Botvinnik & Smyslov.

1956

  Bernstein plays in Ostend at age 74. Also played bd 1 for France.

1956

  China officially sponsors Chess as a competitive sport.

1956

  Deaf; First world Championship for the deaf and dumborn.

1956

  Fischer wins US junior title, scoring 8.5-1.5 in Philadelphia.

1956

  Price died, London. 5-time British ladies Champion Challenger 1927,
  1933.

1956

  Sozin (born 1896), Russian master, died.

1956

  01/09 Grunberg, Hans-Ulrich born in Schwerin, Germany. IM 1981.

1956

  02/05 Tartakower (born 1887), IGM, died.

1956

  02/10 Frias-Apablaza, Victor born in Santiago, Chile. IM 1982.

1956

  02/28 Gruenfeld, Yehuda born in Zcerdziniov, Poland. IM 1978; GM 1980.
  Israeli Champion 1982. Deaf mute.

1956

  03/02 Gil-Reguera, Juan born in Barcelona. IM 1986.

1956

  03/17 Van Der Sterren, Paul born Netherlands GM 1989.

1956

  03/25 Kochiev born Leningrad. GM 1977. IM 1975.

1956

  03/27 Candidates; Start of Candidates tourney, Amsterdam.

1956

  04/07 du Mont, Julius died in Hastings.

1956

  04/30 Smyslov wins Candidates tourney, Leewarden, Netherlands.

1956

  05/01 Ivanov, Alexander born. GM 1992.

1956

  05/12 Franco, Zenon born in Asuncion, Paraguay. IM 1982; GM 1991.

1956

  05/19 Inkiov born Stanke Dimitrov. GM 1982.

1956

  06/27 Christiansen, Larry born in Riverside, California. GM 1977. US Jr
  Champion 1973, 1974, 1975. US Champion 1980.

1956

  07/16 Hromadka, karel died in Prague. Elo: 2440. Hromadka Defense.

1956

  08/ Olympiad;  Moscow Olympiad, USSR First  (US did not play).

1956

  08/ US Open, Oklahoma, Bisguier First.

1956

  08/13 Farago, Sandor born in Budapest. FM 1985; IM 1986.

1956

  08/15 Olafsson, Helgi, Icelandic IGM (1986), born.

1956

  09/04 Paehtz, Thomas born German GM 1991.

1956

  09/11 Gurevich, Dmitry born in Moscow. IM 1981; GM 1983.

1956

  09/24 Machulsky, Anatoly born GM 1991.

1956

  10/02 Speelman, British IGM (1980), born.

1956

  10/17 Fischer defeats D. Byrne in the "Game of the Century".

1956

  10/24 Klaric, Zlatko born Yug GM 1982.

1956

  11/01 Asztalos, Lajos died in Budapest. IM 1950; IA 1951. Elo: 2480.
  Hungary Champion 1913.

1956

  11/25 Eingorn, Viacheslav born in Odessa. IM 1984; GM 1986.

1956

  12/05 Henley, Ronald born in Houston. IM 1980; GM 1982.

1957

  First European team Championship, Vienna.  USSR first (4 countries).

1957

  ASPCC; Creation of the All Services Postal Chess Cluborn.

1957

  China; Chess officially recognized and encouraged in China.

1957

  China has its First National Championship.

1957

  Film;  8x8, a German surrealist film by Hans Richter made.

1957

  Film; The Seventh Seal, Swedish film by Inmar Bergman.

1957

  Fazekas wins the British Championship, but not selected for olympics.
  Protests
.

1957

  Fischer wins US jr Championship in San Francisco, scoring 8.5 out of 9.

1957

  Gresser and Sonja Graf become US women's co-Champions.

1957

  ICCF; USSR became official member of the ICCF.

1957

  Lyman, Harry wins US amateur Championship, 6-0, in Ashbury park, NJ.

1957

  Maniac, first computer to play a form of Chess (6x6 board).

1957

  Martin, G. played 142 opponents, +130 =11 -1 in 4 hours 40 minutes in
  London.

1957

  Olympiad; First women's Olympiad Emmen, Netherlands. USSR first, 21
  countries.

1957

  Spann elected USCF president.

1957

  University of Chicago wins US intercollegiate team Championship.

1957

  01/05 Duras, Oldrich died in Prague. Czech Champion 3 times and
  German Champion. GM 1950. Elo: 2580
.

1957

  01/09 Akhsharumova-Gulko, Anna born in Moscow. WIM 1977. USSR
  women's Champion 1976, 1984.

1957

  01/14 Grun, Gerd-Peter born in Minden, Germany. FM 1984; IM 1986.

1957

  01/15 Sanchez, Gabriel born.

1957

  01/16 Hoi, Carsten born in Copenhagen. IM 1979.

1957

  01/20 Vladimirov, Evgeny born GM 1989.

1957

  01/30 Barlov, Dragan born in Kragujevac, Yugoslavia. IM 1982; GM 1986.
  Yugoslav Champion 1986.

1957

  02/07 Helmers, Knut born in Oslo. IM 1979.

1957

  02/11 Zaitshik, Gennady born GM 1984.

1957

  02/15 Malmgren died, Uppsula. World Correspondence Champion 1953.

1957

  02/23 Mar, Craig born.

1957

  03/05 Botvinnik-Smyslov world Champion match, Moscow.

1957

  03/11 Donaldson-Akhmilorskaya, Elena born in Leningrad. WIM 1977;
  WGM 1977. Challenger 1986.

1957

  03/13 Mestel, British IGM (1982), born. British Champion in 1976 (age 19).
  World Cadet Champion 1974
.

1957

  04.27 Smyslov defeats Botvinnik to become world Champion.

1957

  05/02 Sunye-Neto born Curtiba. 6-time Brazilian Champion. GM 1986.

1957

  05/30 Bass, Leonid born in Leningrad. IM 1982.

1957

  06/ World Jr Championship, Toronto. Lombardy first (perfect score).

1957

  06/24 Schussler, Harry born Sweden GM 1988.

1957

  06/30 Campora, Daniel born in San Nicolas, Argentina. IM 1982; GM
  1986. Argentinian Champion 1986, 1989.

1957

  07/21 Malaniuk, Vladimir born GM 1987.

1957

  07/26 deFirmian, Nicholas born in Fresno. IM 1979; GM 1985. US co-
  Champion 1987.

1957

  07/29 Gavrikov, Viktor born in Russia. GM 1984. USSR co-Champion
  1985.

1957

  07/31 Begovac, Franja born in Sombor, Yugoslavia. IM 1986.

1957

  07/31 Borkowski, Franciszek born in Wroclaw, Poland. IM 1980.

1957

  08/ US Open, Cleveland, Fischer first (184 players).

1957

  08/30 Haberditz, Hans died in Vienna. Haberditz variation.

1957

  09/02 Olympiad; Start of first women's Olympiad, Essen.

1957

  09/16 Diesen, Mark born in Buffalo. World jr Championship 1976. US Jr
  co-Champion 1976.

1957

  09/29 Gavrikov born. GM 1984. USSR Champio 1985.

1957

  10/06 Filipovic, Branko born in Banja Luka, Yugoslavia. IM 1984.

1957

  10/18 Rodriguez;  Amador Rodriguez born San German, Cuba. GM 1977.
  Cuban Champion 1984. IM 1975.

1957

  10/30 Ftacnik, Lubomir born in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia. IM 1977; GM
  1980. Czech Champion 1981, 1982, 1983, 1985.

1957

  11/11 Hebert, Jean born in Quebec. IM 1978; GMC 1984.

1957

  12/ US Championship, New York. Bobby Fischer first.

1957

  12/21 Cifuentes-Parada, Roberto born in Santiago, Chile. IM 1984; GM
  1992.

1958

  Anderson, Frank scored 84% at Munich Olympiad. Became ill, missed GM title.

1958

  Blind; First world blind Championship. Won by Bonham.

1958

  Buchholz, Bruno died in Magdeburg, Germany. Devised a tie-breaker.

1958

  Computer; First computer to play Chess.

1958

  Covo-Artega of Cuba wins US Open in Rochester, Minnesota (139).

1958

  Interzonal in Portoroz, Yugoslavia; Fischer ties for 5th.

1958

  Olympiad; First Chess Olympiad for the blind, Meschede, W. Germany.
  7 teams played.

1958

  Olympiad; Munich Olympiad. US 4th. (13th Olympiad).

1958

  Piran Codex rules for Chess problems drawn up at Piran, Yug at
  Congress of Problemists.

1958

  Smagin, Sergei born GM 1987.

1958

  Weinstein; Raymond Weinstein wins US Junior Championship in
  Homestead, Florida.

1958

  01/11 Taulbut born.

1958

  01/12 Doncevic, Dario born in Buenos Aires. IM 1986.

1958

  01/19 Adam, Edmund died in Frankfurt, Germany. Adam variation, Ruy
  Lopez.

1958

  02/14 Lputian, Smbat born Yerevan. GM 1984.

1958

  02/15 Hebden, Mark born in Leicester. IM 1982. Grand Prix (UK)
  Champion
1981.

1958

  02/22 Skembris, Spyros born Greek GM 1991.

1958

  02/25 Goodman, David born in England. World Cadet Champion 1975.
  IM 1983.

1958

  03/03 Forgacs, Gyula born in Budapest. IM 1984.

1958

  03/03 Kouatly, Bachar born French GM 1989.

1958

  03/04 Smyslov-Botvinnik world Championship match, Moscow.

1958

  03/18 Winston, Peter born.

1958

  03/23 Garcia-Padron, Jose born in Las Palmas, Spain. IM 1981.

1958

  03/30 Andruet, Gilles born in Paris. IM 1982.

1958

  04/02 Dizdarevic, Emir born in Zenica, Yugoslavia. IM 1982; GM 1988.

1958

  04/11 Yermolinsky, Alexey born. GM.

1958

  05/08 Botvinnik defeats Smyslov to regain world Championship

1958

  05/24 Georgiev, Krum born in Pazardzhik, Bulgaria. IM 1977; GM 1988.

1958

  06/14 Schulien, Charles born.

1958

  07/01 Cabrilo, Goran born in Gorazde, Yugoslavia. IM 1980.

1958

  07/02 Bogner, Hal born in New York City. IA 1982. Founder of Chess
  Labs.

1958

  07/09 Braga, Fernando born in Buenos Aires. IM 1983. Italian Champion
  1986.

1958

  07/18 Gyorkos, Lajos born in Hungary. FM 1985; IM 1986.

1958

  07/21 Donchev, Dimitar born in Sofia, Bulgaria. Bulgarian GM 1990.

1958

  07/24 Kosten, Anthony born English GM 1990.

1958

  08/22 Zapata-Ramirez, Columbian IGM (1984) born.

1958

  08/26 Tisdall born.

1958

  08/30 de la Villa Garcia, Jesus born in Villahan, Spain. IM 1986.

1958

  09/ Fischer gains the GM title at age 15, (15 years, 6 months).

1958

  09/11 Carls, Carl died in Bremen, Germany. German Champion 1934. IM
  1951. Elo: 2450
.

1958

  09/24 Donaldson, John born in Los Angeles. IM 1983.

1958

  09/27 Bergstrom, Christer born in Solna, Sweden. IM 1986.

1958

  09/27 Fedorowicz, John born in New York City. IM 1978; GM 1986.

1958

  10/15 Boensch (Bonsch), Uwe born in Halle-an-der-Saale, Germany. IM
  1977; GM
1986.

1958

  11/02 Benhadi, Madani born in Algeria. IM 1982.

1958

  11/02 Dvoirys, Semen born in Zhmerinka, Russia. GM 1990.

1958

  11/29 Psakhis, Lev Soviet IGM (1982) born.

1958

  12/04 Dizdar, Goran born in Zagreborn IM 1980; GM 1991.

1958

  12/25 Crotto, Rachel born in New York City. WIM 1978; US Women's
  Champinship
1979. Played in women's Championship at 13.

1958

  12/27 Tate, Emory born.

1959

  Bisguier wins US Open in Omaha.

1959

  Fischer repeats as US Champion.

1959

  Fischer shares 5th-6th in candidates tournament.

1959

  Gligoric voted Yugoslav Sportsman of the Year for Chess.

1959

  Ham; First ham radio Chess tournament.

1959

  Hoessler, Anton of Ingolstadt, Bavaria died. Invented the Ingo system.

1959

  IM; Title of international master for Chess composition.

1959

  Kaidanov, Grigory born. GM 1988.

1959

  Lane wins US women's Championship.

1959

  Ratings; First time the elo system of rating players used.

1959

  Tal becomes world Champion after defeating Botvinnik.

1959

  Wiel, John C. van der born. IGM 1982.

1959

  01/30 Andrijevic, Milan born in Pancevo, Yugoslavia. IM 1982.

1959

  02/02 Rueb, Alexandre (born 1882), first president of FIDE, died.

1959

  02/05 Cramling, Dan born in Stockholm. Swedish Champion 1981. IM
  1982.

1959

  02/07 Mokry, Karel born Czech GM 1984.

1959

  02/12 Flear, Glenn born in Leicester, England. IM 1983; GM 1987.

1959

  02/14 Popovic born Orlovat. GM 1981.

1959

  02/20 Dolmatov, Sergey born in Kiselevsk, Russia. World jr Champion
  1978. IM 1978; GM 1982.

1959

  02/22 Gurevich, Mikhail born in Kharkov, Russia. USSR Champion 1985.
  IM 1985; GM 1986.

1959

  03/06 Campos-Moreno, Javier born in Santiago, Chile. IM 1979.

1959

  03/17 Grimberg born in Petach Tikva. World under-16 Champion 1976.

1959

  03/18 Andonov, Bogomil born in Kiustendil, Bulgaria. IM 1986.

1959

  03/27 Ginsburg, Mark born in Louvain, Belgium. FM 1980; IM 1981.

1959

  04/12 Kengis, Edvins born. Latvian GM 1991.

1959

  04/19 Gomez-Baillo, Jorge born in Argentina. IM 1986.

1959

  06/03 Baja, Victor born.

1959

  06/08 Sturua, Zurab born GM 1992.

1959

  06/24 Wagner died in Hamburg. Born 1888. German IM 1953.

1959

  07/10 Dur, Arne born in Innsbruck, Austria. IM 1982.

1959

  07/14 Bucker, Stefan born in Munster, Germany. FM 1983.

1959

  07/17 Nogeuras born Santa Clara, Cuba. GM 1979.

1959

  07/28 Sisniega, Marcel born. Mexican GM 1992.

1959

  08/01 Gallego-Eraso, Francisco born in Irun, Spain. IM 1986.

1959

  08/08 Yudasin, Leonid born. GM 1990.

1959

  08/08 Costigan, Richard born.

1959

  08/09 Van der Wiel, John born Leiden. European jr Champion 1978-9.
  GM 1982.

1959

  08/10 Hawelko, Marek born in Lublin, Poland. IM 1984.

1959

  08/26 Rohde, Michael US IGM (1988), born.

1959

  09/ Ratings; USCF rating list: Reshevsky (2693), Fischer (2636), D. Byrne
  (2514)
.

1959

  09/06 Candidates; Start of Bled Candidates tourney.

1959

  09/07 Kudrin, Sergey born.

1959

  09/13 Regan born.

1959

  09/19 Tverskaya, Julia born.

1959

  10/10 Hund, Barbara born in Leverkusen, Germany. WIM 1979; WGM
  1982.

1959

  10/11 Kaidanov, Grigory born. GM.

1959

  10/19 Lau, Ralf born. German GM 1986.

1959

  10/24 Yrjola, Jouni born. Finland GM 1990.

1959

  10/25 Odendahl, Steven born.

1959

  10/31 Tal wins Bled Candidates (Fischer 5-6).

1959

  11/11 Armas, Jorge born in Holguin, Cuba. IM 1979.

1959

  12/25 de Boer, Gerrit-Jan born in Landsmeer, Netherlands. IM 1986.

1959

  12/25 Wharton, William born.

1959

  12/28 Kindermann, Stefan born. German GM 1988.

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